Knowable Word - Bible study help

What ‘Inductive’ and ‘Deductive’ Really Mean

July 8, 2026 By Peter Krol

I’ve written before about why I never use the term “Inductive Bible Study” for what we do on this blog. My problem is not with what inductive Bible study is; my problem is with what it’s called. The conventional definition—that induction means starting with particulars and moving to generalities—is not accurate. So we simply use the label “OIA Bible study” for our method.

In addition to what I’ve cited elsewhere, I now provide further evidence from the apologist William Lane Craig.

Deduction and induction are not about movements between particulars and generalities, but about certainty vs. probability. We use both kinds of reasoning in OIA Bible study.

Check it out!

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4 errores al usar los comentarios

July 7, 2026 By Peter Krol

This is a Spanish translation of a post from our archive. For the original post in English, please click the “Publicación original” link at the top of the post. For further explanation of why we’re posting articles in Spanish for a season, see this announcement.

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Publicación original de Peter Krol, traducida por Sarah Oiler

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Cuando enseño a otras personas cómo estudiar la Biblia (estas cosas de OIA), con mucha frecuencia alguien me pregunta: ¿Puedo usar un comentario o una Biblia de estudio?

Es una buena pregunta porque estamos rodeados de excelentes recursos. Pero cada bendición puede volverse una maldición cuando confiamos en la bendición y no en Dios. Por eso, aquí hay algunos errores comunes en el uso de comentarios.

Error #1: Ignorar lo que otros han dicho

Necesitamos aprender en comunidad con otras personas y las Biblias de estudio y comentarios (al menos los buenos) representan lo mejor del pensamiento cristiano durante miles de años. Necesitamos aprender de la sabiduría de otra gente.

Error #2: Dejar que los comentarios hagan tu estudio de la Biblia

Es tentador leer una sección de la Escritura e ir inmediatamente a las notas de estudio o a un comentario. Al ver lo que dicen los expertos, pensamos que hemos entendido el pasaje.

Esta práctica no es muy diferente de lo que solían hacer los rabinos judíos. Debatían la interpretación citando varias escuelas de pensamiento y haciendo referencia a los comentarios relevantes para apoyar su posición. Cuando Jesús vino, asombró a su generación porque rehusó enseñar de esta manera (Mateo 7:28-29). Volvía a la Escritura y observaba, interpretaba, y la aplicaba a la gente (Mateo 21:16, 42; Marcos 2:25).

Jesús legó su autoridad a sus seguidores, así que ellos podían interpretar su Palabra para las generaciones subsiguientes (Mateo 28:18, 20; Juan 14:12, 25-26; 2 Corintios 5:20). Con la ayuda del Espíritu de Jesús, tú también puedes leer y entender la Palabra conocible de Dios.

Error #3: Acudir a los comentarios demasiado rápidamente

Cuando el significado de un pasaje no es obvio de manera intuitiva, es tentador buscar un comentario de inmediato. Pero recomiendo que observes la Escritura cuidadosamente y trabajes para interpretarla solo. Pasa tiempo pensando en el texto. Aprende cómo hacer preguntas y después contéstalas. Trata de determinar el propósito principal del autor.

Después lee algunas notas de estudio o comentarios para revisar lo que has hecho. Ve si otra gente saca conclusiones similares del texto. Si es similar, fantástico. Si no, quizás quieras reconsiderar tus propias conclusiones. De cualquier manera, recibirás la ayuda que necesitas sin saltar el proceso de aprender cómo manejar las Escrituras a ti mismo (2 Timoteo 2:15).

Error #4: Creer todo lo que lees

Recuerda que el papel no puede decir “no” a la tinta. El internet no excluye a los tontos. Solo porque algo se ha publicado no significa que sea la verdad.

El propósito del método OIA de estudio bíblico es enseñarte cómo pensar y cómo acercarte al Señor. Mientras comparas tu estudio de la Escritura con el estudio de los expertos, sé humilde pero también sé sabio. Siempre pregunta si lo que estás leyendo en el comentario es fiel al texto o no.

Que habite en nosotros la palabra de Cristo con toda su riqueza, instruyámonos y aconsejémonos unos a otros con toda sabiduría (Colosenses 3:16).

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How to Recognize Sowers of Discord

July 3, 2026 By Peter Krol

There is no foolproof formula for recognizing sowers of discord, but Solomon wants to train us to be discerning.

A worthless person, a wicked man,
Goes about with crooked speech,
Winks with his eyes, signals with his feet,
Points with his finger,
With perverted heart devises evil,
Continually sowing discord;
Therefore calamity will come upon him suddenly;
In a moment he will be broken beyond healing (Prov 6:12-15).

1. Take note of crooked speech (Prov 6:12b)

Do they twist words to win sympathy? Do they label their complaints as “concerns,” their anger as “frustration,” or their bitterness as “misunderstanding”? Have they failed to forgive? Do they always have questions but never any answers?

2. Consider body language (Prov 6:13a)

When around people who offend them, do they roll their eyes, grimace, or shake their heads? Do they make eye contact with you when the other person turns away? Does their posture communicate disrespect or defensiveness?

3. Refuse to join the gang (Prov 6:13b).

The Sower of Discord “points with his finger” in an effort to persuade others to join his team. He’s a sneaky communicator, and his destructive power lies in his ability to recruit. Whenever someone has a complaint against another person, your best response is, “did you talk to that person about it?”

Sowing discord is one of the most prevalent and most disregarded sins in the church today. We think of gossip as something that happens on daytime talk shows, and we ignore it in the fellowship hall. We think slander deserves discipline only if it’s intentionally and overtly false. Perhaps we’ll confront those who purposefully spread untrue reports about others, but Proverbs is just as concerned to confront those who endorse those reports by giving them a hearing (Prov 26:20-28).

This passage convicts me thoroughly. I am as guilty as anyone of speaking ill, sowing discord, and fighting unity. I have shared details I didn’t need to share. I have discussed the failings of my supervisors with my subordinates. I have asked for the low down on specific people, and I have entertained conversations that went in the wrong direction. I have asked Jesus to change me, and I wrestle my self-importance daily.

If you are broken by this text, there is much hope for your repentance and healing. You can act as glue to reunite the shards of your once-vibrant community. You can unleash Christ’s redemptive glory in your church, and he can restore his body to full and proper functioning. Learn to recognize the characteristics of the Sower of Discord, and exterminate them from your heart and your church.

But if you find yourself still making excuses for sowing discord (or for aiding and abetting others to sow discord), you’ll be ruined before you know what hits you (Prov 6:15). God doesn’t like it when people mess with his wife.

Question: What else helps you to recognize sowers of discord?

This post was first published in 2013 and is part of a series walking through Proverbs 1-9.

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Hebrews: A Sermon on Psalm 110

July 1, 2026 By Peter Krol

Dennis Johnson explains something I’ve been considering for many years: Could the book of Hebrews be a transcribed sermon based on Psalm 110?

Many scholars have pointed out the fact that Hebrews is more sermon than letter (the author self-identifies his work as a “word of exhortation” – Heb 13:22, Acts 13:15). The funny thing is that references to Psalm 110 come up over and over again. Could it be that the sermon to the Hebrews was expositing the implications of that psalm for the new covenant community?

Check it out!

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La importancia del contexto, Parte 2

June 30, 2026 By Peter Krol

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Publicación original de Peter Krol, traducida por Sarah Oiler

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Vimos lo fácil que es sacar versículos fuera de su contexto, un poco como Pinky, sacando las preguntas de “¿Estás pensando…?” de Cerebro fuera de su contexto. Hoy, me gustaría mostrarte cómo el contexto hace que la interpretación tome vida.

Considera esta colección de verdades gloriosas:

Alégrense siempre en el Señor.
No se preocupen por nada; más bien, en toda ocasión, con oración y ruego, presenten sus peticiones a Dios y denle gracias.
La paz de Dios, que sobrepasa todo entendimiento, cuidará sus corazones y sus pensamientos en Cristo Jesús.
Consideren bien todo lo verdadero, todo lo respetable, todo lo justo, todo lo puro, todo lo amable, todo lo digno de admiración, en fin, todo lo que sea excelente o merezca elogio.

Todos estos versículos vienen de Filipenses 4 (NVI). Mira el contexto: “Ruego a Evodia y también a Síntique que se pongan de acuerdo en el Señor. Y a ti, mi fiel compañero, te pido que ayudes a estas mujeres” (Filipenses 4:2-3 NVI).

En general, la iglesia filipense estaba bien, pero una controversia entre dos mujeres prominentes amenazaba con destruirla. El conflicto estaba tan serio que otra gente tenía que involucrarse para resolver el problema (un poco como Mateo 18:20!). Pablo dio a estos ayudantes instrucciones específicas para ayudar a resolver el conflicto:

Alégrense en el Señor (y no en la aprobación de otras personas) – versículo 4
Mantengan la calma – versículo 5a
Recuerden que Dios ve todo y que Jesús está volviendo – versículo 5b
No estrésense por la tensión incómoda. Pidan que Dios dé la paz – versículo 6
Dios dará la paz, aunque desde la perspectiva del mundo no debería haber paz – versículo 7
Asegúrense de encontrar algo bueno, cualquier cosa buena, sobre la otra persona. Piensen en estas buenas cosas, y no en lo que la otra persona hizo para hacerse daño – versículo 8
Sigan el ejemplo de Pablo en estos asuntos – versículo 9

El contexto importa. Lee los libros de la Biblia como libros y no como colecciones de perogrulladas espirituales. Cuando haces esto, el Señor te dará una mayor comprensión de todo esto (2 Timoteo 2:7, NVI), porque conoces la verdad (1 Juan 2:20, NVI), y no necesitas que nadie te enseñe (1 Juan 2:27, NVI).

Ahora, ¿se usaron en contexto esos últimos versículos?

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Context Mattered to Jesus, part 3

June 29, 2026 By Ryan Higginbottom

In the third and final temptation of Jesus, the devil takes him to a high mountain. He promises Jesus “all the kingdoms of the world and their glory” if Jesus will simply fall down and worship him.

On one hand, this sounds like an easy trap to avoid. Temptations don’t get much more obvious than worship the devil.

But for Jesus, this temptation is real. As the Son of God who will ascend to heaven, Jesus is destined for kingship, power, and glory. But the path is incredibly hard. It involves humiliation, suffering, betrayal, and a horrendous death.

Satan is proposing a way around the hardship, a back door to the main stage.

Resisting with Scripture

In response to the devil’s offer, Jesus counters with clear teaching from Scripture.

Then Jesus said to him, “Be gone, Satan! For it is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and him only shall you serve.’” (Matthew 4:10)

This command is found in Deuteronomy 6:13. Here’s the larger context.

And when the Lord your God brings you into the land that he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give you—with great and good cities that you did not build, and houses full of all good things that you did not fill, and cisterns that you did not dig, and vineyards and olive trees that you did not plant—and when you eat and are full, then take care lest you forget the Lord, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery. It is the Lord your God you shall fear. Him you shall serve and by his name you shall swear. You shall not go after other gods, the gods of the peoples who are around you—for the Lord your God in your midst is a jealous God—lest the anger of the Lord your God be kindled against you, and he destroy you from off the face of the earth. (Deuteronomy 6:10–15)

In response to his first temptation, Jesus’s use of Scripture showed that he was putting himself in the place of Israel. This raised the question, Will Jesus obey?

In the second temptation, Satan tempts Jesus to test the Lord, to call forth an unnecessary, dramatic rescue. Jesus turns this away as well, knowing that God is with him and that his delivery will come after the grave.

In this final temptation, Satan continues the pattern. He asks Jesus to claim now what he will receive later. To avoid the pain and rejection associated with his upcoming ministry, and to end up with glory, Jesus only needs to worship the tempter.

But Jesus refuses. He obeys. He will not forget the Lord, who brought his people out of the house of slavery and who will once again liberate his children. He will not go after another god, for he knows the Lord is in his midst—the Lord is with him. Jesus knows that the Lord is jealous and that his anger can be kindled to destruction.

Jesus is the Better Israel

We know what happened to Israel after Egypt. They grumbled, they didn’t obey the Lord, and they followed after other gods. Eventually, they went into exile because of their rebellion and idolatry.

Jesus stands where Israel fell. He walks the path from his baptism to his cross and he trusts the Lord with every step. In this encounter with the devil, Matthew shows Jesus’s intentions and first steps, and he invites careful attention to the Savior’s life and words.

This was originally posted in 2020.

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Fool #3: The Sower of Discord

June 26, 2026 By Peter Krol

Richie Diesterheft (2007), Creative Commons

The Sower of Discord is the third of Solomon’s three fools in Prov 6:1-19. This person knows what’s good for God’s people better than God himself does. This person is a fighter, a crusader. This person suffers tremendous persecution at the hands of those who don’t understand (or won’t receive) the mission. This person believes every point of theology is worth dying for. This person is always right.

There are times when I am this fool. Could it be that there are times when you are as well?

But watch out. Solomon addressed the Savior as “my son” (Prov 6:1). He also addressed the Sluggard personally, although not as a “son” (Prov 6:6). The Sower of Discord, however, is almost beneath his dignity. He does not address this person directly; instead, he warns his readers against this person. He does not hold out much hope for this person. The Sower of Discord is an “abomination” (Prov 6:16), one hated by God with utmost hatred. We must not allow this fool to multiply in our churches. We must not allow this folly to multiply in our hearts.

Solomon divides this section into two poems. The first poem (Prov 6:12-15) addresses this fool’s characteristics and fate. The second poem (Prov 6:16-19) focuses on God’s attitude toward this fool. This week I’ll tackle the first one.

A worthless person, a wicked man,
Goes about with crooked speech,
Winks with his eyes, signals with his feet,
Points with his finger,
With perverted heart devises evil,
Continually sowing discord;
Therefore calamity will come upon him suddenly;
In a moment he will be broken beyond healing (Prov 6:12-15).

Let’s be honest. This person is a great friend to have because he always has inside information about people. He’s good at making you feel like you’re on the inside and others are on the outside. He’ll welcome you in and give you a prominent seat in the clubhouse. He’s not a gossip; he just really cares about what’s best. He wants truth, and not injustice, to reign.

But he is worthless. He is wicked (Prov 6:12a). Nothing good will come of your friendship with him. Perhaps that sounds harsh, but it’s what Proverbs teaches.

This person continually sows discord while devising evil with his perverted heart (Prov 6:14). Of course, he doesn’t think of what he does as “evil.” He just has “concerns.” He has a few questions about the leadership. He wants to understand the church’s direction, and he wants to know if you understand it any better than he does. By discussing his concerns with you, he can gain some valuable advice on how to address his concerns and offer help. He offers you “the real story” behind a certain event in the church’s history. He’s full of insight and compassion, and he’s like a magnet for those who really care about people.

Watch out.

Question: Why do you think Solomon is so hard on the Sower of Discord?

This post was first published in 2013 and is part of a series walking through Proverbs 1-9.

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Become a Better Bible Interpreter

June 24, 2026 By Peter Krol

Derek Brown has 10 tips for you:

Pursue holiness and humility by faith in Christ.
Pray diligently that God would enable you to understand and believe his Word.
Be willing to bring your thinking, feeling, and practice into compliance with the Word of God.
Discipline yourself to read through the entire Bible on a regular basis.
Work hard! Spend a lot of time with the biblical text before you visit commentaries and other resources.
Learn from other excellent Bible interpreters (like in their commentaries and other resources).
Write for the sake of your own clarity and learning.
Regularly read good books on theology, Christian living, church history, and Christian biography.

I’ll stop there and encourage you to click over to see the last two, along with explanations of each tip.

Check it out!

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La importancia del contexto, Parte 1

June 23, 2026 By Peter Krol

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Publicación original de Peter Krol, traducida por Sarah Oiler

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“Pinky, estás pensando lo mismo que yo?”

“Creo que sí, Cerebro. No es por eso que se inventaron los calcetines?”

El dibujo animado Animaniacs le sacó buen provecho a esta broma. Los dos ratones se encontraban en un berenjenal de algún tipo. Cerebro, el genio, intuía una solución y hacía su famosa pregunta. Pinky, el bobo, siempre la sacaba fuera de su contexto y decía algo tan ridículo que la broma nunca dejaba de ser graciosa.

Sin embargo, esta broma no es graciosa cuando los cristianos la usan en sus estudios de la Biblia.

¿Sabes de qué hablaba Jesús cuando dijo, “donde dos o tres se reúnen en mi nombre, allí estoy yo en medio de ellos” (Mateo 18:20, NVI)? Pista: No se hablaba de grupos de oración. Si oras solo, Jesús todavía está contigo (Mateo 6:6, 28:20). Observa el contexto en Mateo 18:15-20.

A quién le aseguraba Dios cuando dijo, “Porque yo conozco los planes que tengo para ustedes – afirma el SEÑOR –, planes de bienestar y no de calamidad, a fin de darles un futuro y una esperanza” (Jeremías 29:11)? Pista: no estaba dirigida a los cristianos que estaban luchando con una decisión grande. Observa el contexto en Jeremías 29:1-3.

¿Cuál era la intención de Pablo al escribir su famoso “himno al amor” en 1 Corintios 13:1-13? Pista: fue una reprimenda y no una tarjeta de Hallmark. Observa el contexto en 1 Corintios 11:17, 12:31, 14:20, 40.

Cada pasaje bíblico tiene un contexto. Si quitamos versículos individuales de su contexto, ponemos en peligro la interpretación. En el mejor de los casos, quizás todavía hablamos de verdades bíblicas, pero ante el mundo parecemos tontos cuando los demás ven que el pasaje no significa lo que pensamos. En el peor de los casos, nos topamos con errores, herejías o descreimiento, o podemos guiar a otras personas hacia estas cosas. Los testigos de Jehová y los mormones usan la Biblia para apoyar a sus doctrinas también.

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Are You the Sluggard? And What to Do About It

June 19, 2026 By Peter Krol

The Sluggard is the second of three fools in Prov 6:1-19.

Are you the Sluggard? Can the ant teach you how to be self-motivated and seasonally productive?

You might be the Sluggard if you:

Have 3 stars on every level of Angry Birds.
Miss things because of over-sleeping.
Are more caught up on your Instagram news feed than on your to-do list.
Have your mom do your laundry for you.
Regularly don’t do things you say you’ll do.
Need structure to work fruitfully, and you expect others to provide that structure.
You stay up all night to meet deadlines.
Regularly wonder how the day went by so fast.
Don’t know what you did for a block of time.
Feel like your parents, spouse, roommates, or boss nag you too much.

None of these things necessarily makes you the Sluggard. But if there’s a pattern, you may be in danger. Ask others if they think you work hard enough on the top priorities.

Are you ready to make the changes necessary to labor fruitfully for the Lord? Solomon tells you how.

How long will you lie there, O sluggard?
When will you arise from your sleep?
A little sleep, a little slumber,
A little folding of the hands to rest,
And poverty will come upon you like a robber,
And want like an armed man. (Prov 6:9-11)

1. Ask yourself some hard questions (Prov 6:9).

“How long will you lie there?” “When will you arise from your sleep?” The answer Solomon seeks is not primarily a length of time, but a confession of motivation. If you are not motivated to work hard at what God has called you to, why not? What else motivates you to sit still and waste your time? Why do you love surfing the Internet for hours on end? Why do you watch so much TV? What do you get out of it, and is it working for you? Why do the weeks and months and years tick by, with not much to show for your life’s labor?

God sent Jesus to die so he wouldn’t have to go through the rest of eternity without you. Why are you more interested in yourself than in anything else?

2. Begin with minor choices (Prov 6:10).

No one decides to ruin his life all in one day. An investor doesn’t look for the worst possible stock to buy. A retailer doesn’t open a store in the belief that there’s no market for his goods. And a sluggard doesn’t decide up front to be lazy, unproductive, or ineffective. It’s the minute-to-minute choices that ruin him: “a little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest.”

A few minutes surfing channels becomes a few hours. A quick break from something hard leads to complete procrastination. A short nap evolves into a lifestyle of irregular sleep habits.

The solution to a life of laziness is not to write out an all-encompassing life plan. The solution is to train yourself to make different choices. Small choices add up to weighty habits, for good or ill. Figure out one next step, and then take it. Then take the next. And the next. Before you know it, you’ll be walking the path of wisdom, on your way to life and hope and influence and satisfaction.

3. Remember the consequences (Prov 6:11).

If you trust in Jesus, not even your laziness can thwart his commitment to giving you eternal life. But it can make the journey there much more painful. “Poverty will come upon you like a robber, and want like an armed man.”

Where do you rely on others to tell you what to do? They’ll stop trusting you, and you’ll never find the freedom you really want.

Where have you consistently had lack? Where do you keep relying on others to bail you out? Here’s a secret: It probably won’t change until you change. In fact, you might be surprised by how poverty, hunger, and lack of resources will ambush you and perpetually hold you captive.

Jesus came for the weak and lowly, not the influential. He worked hard so we could find our true rest. He is changing the world, and he includes us in the process. He won’t let us remain idle. He dumps his work in our laps until we understand that hard work is good for us.

And remember that Jesus died for sluggards. If you keep making little choices that render you unfruitful and ineffective, he’s not ready to give up on you. If you love him, he promises to conform you to his image, and he won’t ever let you succeed at avoiding the work of his Kingdom.

Question: Are you the sluggard? What will you do about it?

This post was first published in 2013 and is part of a series walking through Proverbs 1-9.

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