When we write about Bible study on this website, we use the categories of Observation, Interpretation, and Application (OIA). This approach to the Bible is time-tested and matches the way human communication works.
Because the best interpretation happens after thorough observation and the best application happens after thorough interpretation, application happens near the end of most personal Bible study. And, consequently, most preachers and Bible study leaders wrap up their sermons and meetings by helping their people to apply the text.
Sometimes that’s the best course of action. And sometimes, it just plain isn’t.
Respect the Structure of the Passage: An Example
My church small group has been working its way through 1 Thessalonians this year. Following John Stott’s commentary, we studied 1 Thess 4:13–5:11 in a recent meeting.
This passage has two clear sections with distinct (though related) points. The first part (1 Thess 4:13–18) concerns how to encourage those who are grieving the loss of loved ones with comfort about the coming of the Lord. The second part (1 Thess 5:1–11) concerns the day of the Lord and its relation to judgment and salvation.
As we studied the passages, it was natural to talk about application related to the first section before moving on to the second. Though my usual pattern is to leave all application for the end of the meeting, we would have lost all momentum of the OIA process if we skipped application related to grief and loss. We needed to press in to that issue in the moment. The passage demanded it.
Time and Predictability
There are at least two other reasons not to always leave all application until the end of the sermon or lesson.
Teachers and preachers often have to make time-related adjustments on the fly. Announcements abound, a meeting starts late, or something unexpected happens. The manuscript or outline is suddenly too long, and something needs to be cut. That usually means that application is cut in half or eliminated altogether, because it is easiest to excise the end.
Additionally, if we fall into a predictable pattern of only bringing up application at the end, our friends will come to expect it. And they may learn to put up their defenses to the work of the Spirit. If instead we occasionally surprise our group with application sprinkled throughout the study or sermon, we may see more changed hearts, minds, and behaviors.
Let the Passage Be the Guide
Our interpretive outlines should be dictated by the passage and so should our application. If we read several commands in our passage, or if the passage breaks down neatly into sections, it may be best to have several application moments in our preaching or leading.
There are times to land on application once, with a definitive thunk that makes your friends take notice. But there are other times to lead your friends to application and then, a few minutes later, take them there again.
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